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 Android教程網 >> Android技術 >> Android開發實例 >> 系出名門Android(8) - 控件(View)之TextSwitcher, Gallery, ImageSwitcher, GridView, ListView, ExpandableList

系出名門Android(8) - 控件(View)之TextSwitcher, Gallery, ImageSwitcher, GridView, ListView, ExpandableList

編輯:Android開發實例

 

  介紹

  在 Android 中使用各種控件(View)

  * TextSwitcher - 文字轉換器控件(改變文字時增加一些動畫效果)

  * Gallery - 縮略圖浏覽器控件

  * ImageSwitcher - 圖片轉換器控件(改變圖片時增加一些動畫效果)

  * GridView - 網格控件

  * ListView - 列表控件

  * ExpandableList - 支持展開/收縮功能的列表控件

  1、TextSwitcher 的 Demo

  textswitcher.xml

  代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <Button android:id="@ id/btnChange" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="改變文字" />
    <!--
        TextSwitcher - 文字轉換器控件(改變文字時增加一些動畫效果)
    -->
    <TextSwitcher android:id="@ id/textSwitcher"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

  _TextSwitcher.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import java.util.Random;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextSwitcher;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.ViewSwitcher;
public class _TextSwitcher extends Activity implements ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.textswithcer);
        setTitle("TextSwithcer");
        final TextSwitcher switcher = (TextSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.textSwitcher);
        // 指定轉換器的 ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory
        switcher.setFactory(this);
        
        // 設置淡入和淡出的動畫效果
        Animation in = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, android.R.anim.fade_in);
        Animation out = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, android.R.anim.fade_out);
        switcher.setInAnimation(in);
        switcher.setOutAnimation(out);
        // 單擊一次按鈕改變一次文字
        Button btnChange = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnChange);
        btnChange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                switcher.setText(String.valueOf(new Random().nextInt()));
            }
        });
    }
    // 重寫 ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory 的 makeView(),返回一個 View
    @Override
    public View makeView() {
        TextView textView = new TextView(this);
        textView.setTextSize(36);
        return textView;
    }
}

  2、Gallery 的 Demo

  gallery.xml

  代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <!--
        Gallery - 縮略圖浏覽器控件
            spacing - 縮略圖列表中各個縮略圖之間的間距
    -->
    <Gallery android:id="@ id/gallery" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:spacing="20px" />
</LinearLayout>

  _Gallery.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams;
public class _Gallery extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.gallery);
        setTitle("Gallery");
        Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery);
        // 為縮略圖浏覽器指定一個適配器
        gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
        // 響應 在縮略圖列表上選中某個縮略圖後的 事件
        gallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View v,
                    int position, long id) {
                Toast.makeText(_Gallery.this, String.valueOf(position), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
            @Override
            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
            }
        });
    }
    // 繼承 BaseAdapter 用以實現自定義的圖片適配器
    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
        private Context mContext;
        public ImageAdapter(Context context) {
            mContext = context;
        }
        public int getCount() {
            return mThumbIds.length;
        }
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            ImageView image = new ImageView(mContext);
            image.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
            image.setAdjustViewBounds(true);
            image.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(
                    LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
            return image;
        }
    }
    // 需要顯示的圖片集合
    private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
            R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
}

  3、ImageSwitcher 的 Demo

  imageswitcher.xml

  代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <Gallery android:id="@ id/gallery" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:spacing="20px" />
    <!--
        ImageSwitcher - 圖片轉換器控件(改變圖片時增加一些動畫效果)
    -->
    <ImageSwitcher android:id="@ id/imageSwitcher"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

  _ImageSwitcher.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageSwitcher;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ViewSwitcher;
import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams;
// 圖片轉換器的使用基本同文字轉換器
// 以下是一個用 ImageSwitcher   Gallery 實現的經典的圖片浏覽器的 Demo
public class _ImageSwitcher extends Activity implements
        ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory {
    private ImageSwitcher mSwitcher;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.imageswithcer);
        setTitle("ImageSwithcer");
        mSwitcher = (ImageSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.imageSwitcher);
        mSwitcher.setFactory(this);
        mSwitcher.setInAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,
                android.R.anim.fade_in));
        mSwitcher.setOutAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,
                android.R.anim.fade_out));
        Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery);
        gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
        gallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View v,
                    int position, long id) {
                mSwitcher.setImageResource(mImageIds[position]);
            }
            @Override
            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
            }
        });
    }
    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
        private Context mContext;
        public ImageAdapter(Context context) {
            mContext = context;
        }
        public int getCount() {
            return mThumbIds.length;
        }
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            ImageView image = new ImageView(mContext);
            image.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
            image.setAdjustViewBounds(true);
            image.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(
                    LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
            return image;
        }
    }
    private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
            R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
    private Integer[] mImageIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
            R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
    @Override
    public View makeView() {
        ImageView image = new ImageView(this);
        image.setMinimumHeight(200);
        image.setMinimumWidth(200);
        image.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
        image.setLayoutParams(new ImageSwitcher.LayoutParams(
                LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT));
        return image;
    }
}

  4、GridView 的 Demo

  gridview.xml

  代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
    GridView - 網格控件
        numColumns="auto_fit" - 列數自適應
        stretchMode - 縮放模式(stretchMode="columnWidth" - 縮放與列寬大小同步)
-->
<GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@ id/gridView" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:padding="10px"
    android:verticalSpacing="10px" android:horizontalSpacing="10px"
    android:numColumns="auto_fit" android:columnWidth="60px"
    android:stretchMode="columnWidth" android:gravity="center">
</GridView>

  _GridView.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class _GridView extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.gridview);
        setTitle("GridView");
        GridView gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView);
        // 指定網格控件的適配器為自定義的圖片適配器
        gridView.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
    }
    // 自定義的圖片適配器
    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
        private Context mContext;
        public ImageAdapter(Context context) {
            mContext = context;
        }
        public int getCount() {
            return mThumbIds.length;
        }
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            ImageView imageView;
            if (convertView == null) {
                imageView = new ImageView(mContext);
                imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(48, 48));
                imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(false);
                imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
                imageView.setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5);
            } else {
                imageView = (ImageView) convertView;
            }
            imageView.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
            return imageView;
        }
        // 網格控件所需圖片數據的數據源
        private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
                R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
    }
}

  5、ListView 的 Demo

  main_list_adapter.xml

  代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
    自定義列表適配器的 layout
-->
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    
    <TextView android:id="@ id/text" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="16sp">
    </TextView>
    
</LinearLayout>

  MainListAdapter.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
// 繼承 BaseAdapter 以實現自定義的列表適配器
public class MainListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private List<String> mData;
    public MainListAdapter(Context context, List<String> data) {
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mData = data;
    }
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mData.size();
    }
    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return mData.get(position);
    }
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        TextView text;
        if (convertView == null) {
            // 指定一個 layout 作為自定義列表適配器的 layout
            convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.main_list_adapter, null);
            text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
            convertView.setTag(text);
        } else {
            text = (TextView) convertView.getTag();
        }
        
        String mItem = mData.get(position);
        text.setText(mItem);
        
        return convertView;
    }
}

  Main.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.ListActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ListView;
// 此處要繼承 ListActivity ,用以實現 ListView 的功能
public class Main extends ListActivity {
    
    private List<String> mData;
    
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setTheme(android.R.style.Theme_Light);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);        
        mData = getData();
        
        // 使用自定義的列表適配器來展現數據
        MainListAdapter adapter = new MainListAdapter(this, mData);
        
        // 如需使用系統內置的列表適配器,則可以使用類似如下的方法
        // ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, mData);
        
        this.setListAdapter(adapter);
    }
    // ListView 的數據源
    private List<String> getData()    {
        List<String> items = new ArrayList<String>();
        
        items.add("TextView");
        items.add("Button");
        items.add("ImageButton");
        items.add("ImageView");
        items.add("CheckBox");
        items.add("RadioButton");
        items.add("AnalogClock");
        items.add("DigitalClock");
        items.add("DatePicker");
        items.add("TimePicker");
        items.add("ToggleButton");
        items.add("EditText");
        items.add("ProgressBar");
        items.add("SeekBar");
        items.add("AutoCompleteTextView");
        items.add("MultiAutoCompleteTextView");
        items.add("ZoomControls");
        items.add("Include");
        items.add("VideoView");
        items.add("WebView");
        items.add("RatingBar");
        items.add("Tab");
        items.add("Spinner");
        items.add("Chronometer");
        items.add("ScrollView");
        items.add("TextSwitcher");
        items.add("ListView");
        items.add("Gallery");
        items.add("ImageSwitcher");
        items.add("GridView");
        items.add("ExpandableList");
         
        return items;
    }
    // ListView 中某項被選中後的邏輯
    @Override
    protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setClassName(this, "com.webabcd.view._"   mData.get(position));
        startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
    }
}

  6、ExpandableList 的 Demo

  _ExpandableList.java

  代碼

package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.ExpandableListActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.widget.AbsListView;
import android.widget.BaseExpandableListAdapter;
import android.widget.ExpandableListAdapter;
import android.widget.ExpandableListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ExpandableListView.ExpandableListContextMenuInfo;
// ExpandableList - 可展開/收縮列表
// 繼承 ExpandableListActivity 以實現列表的可展開/收縮的功能
public class _ExpandableList extends ExpandableListActivity {
    
    private ExpandableListAdapter mAdapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setTitle("ExpandableList");
        
        mAdapter = new MyExpandableListAdapter();
        setListAdapter(mAdapter);
        registerForContextMenu(this.getExpandableListView());
    }
    // 為列表的每一項創建上下文菜單(即長按後呼出的菜單) 
    @Override
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
            ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
        menu.setHeaderTitle("ContextMenu");
        menu.add(0, 0, 0, "ContextMenu");
    }
    // 單擊上下文菜單後的邏輯
    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        ExpandableListContextMenuInfo info = (ExpandableListContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo();
        String title = ((TextView) info.targetView).getText().toString();
        int type = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionType(info.packedPosition);
        if (type == ExpandableListView.PACKED_POSITION_TYPE_CHILD) {
            int groupPos = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionGroup(info.packedPosition);
            int childPos = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionChild(info.packedPosition);
            
            Toast.makeText(this, title   " - Group Index: "   groupPos   " Child Index: "   childPos, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            
            return true;
        } else if (type == ExpandableListView.PACKED_POSITION_TYPE_GROUP) {
            int groupPos = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionGroup(info.packedPosition);
            Toast.makeText(this, title   " - Group Index: "   groupPos, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    public class MyExpandableListAdapter extends BaseExpandableListAdapter {
        // 父列表數據
        private String[] groups = 
        { 
            "group1", 
            "group2", 
            "group3",
            "group4" 
        };
        // 子列表數據
        private String[][] children = 
        {
            { "child1" },
            { "child1", "child2" },
            { "child1", "child2", "child3" },
            { "child1", "child2", "child3", "child4" }
        };
        
        @Override
        public Object getChild(int groupPosition, int childPosition) {
            return children[groupPosition][childPosition];
        }
        @Override
        public long getChildId(int groupPosition, int childPosition) {
            return childPosition;
        }
        @Override
        public int getChildrenCount(int groupPosition) {
            return children[groupPosition].length;
        }
        // 取子列表中的某一項的 View
        @Override
        public View getChildView(int groupPosition, int childPosition,
                boolean isLastChild, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            TextView textView = getGenericView();
            textView.setText(getChild(groupPosition, childPosition).toString());
            return textView;
        }
        @Override
        public Object getGroup(int groupPosition) {
            return groups[groupPosition];
        }
        @Override
        public int getGroupCount() {
            return groups.length;
        }
        @Override
        public long getGroupId(int groupPosition) {
            return groupPosition;
        }
        // 取父列表中的某一項的 View
        @Override
        public View getGroupView(int groupPosition, boolean isExpanded,
                View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            TextView textView = getGenericView();
            textView.setText(getGroup(groupPosition).toString());
            return textView;
        }
        @Override
        public boolean hasStableIds() {
            return true;
        }
        @Override
        public boolean isChildSelectable(int groupPosition, int childPosition) {
            return true;
        }
                
        // 獲取某一項的 View 的邏輯
        private TextView getGenericView() {
            AbsListView.LayoutParams lp = new AbsListView.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, 48);
            TextView textView = new TextView(_ExpandableList.this);
            textView.setLayoutParams(lp);
            textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.LEFT);
            textView.setPadding(32, 0, 0, 0);
            return textView;
        }
    }
}

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