編輯:Android資訊
在Android開發中,我們經常會遇到訪問和加載本地聯系人的情況,畢竟手機中聯系人是最重要的數據之一,很多手機應用都會需要手機聯系人的信息,比如姓名、手機號碼等。本文通過一個簡單的例子以及Android代碼,來實現一個本地聯系人加載讀取的功能。
首先先建布局文件,界面很簡單,就是一個搜索框和下面的聯系人列表:
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:background="#FFD3D7DF" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="0dip"> <RelativeLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginLeft="3dip" android:layout_marginRight="3dip" android:layout_marginTop="3dip"> <EditText android:id="@+id/search_view" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="@string/hint_search_contacts" android:paddingLeft="32dip" android:singleLine="true" android:textSize="16sp"/> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@id/search_view" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_marginLeft="3dip" android:src="@drawable/contacts"/> </RelativeLayout> <ListView android:id="@+id/contact_list" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginBottom="0dip" android:layout_marginLeft="0dip" android:layout_marginRight="0dip" android:layout_marginTop="0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0" android:cacheColorHint="#00000000" android:divider="#00000000" android:dividerHeight="0.1px" android:fadingEdge="none" android:footerDividersEnabled="false" android:listSelector="@null" android:paddingBottom="0dip" android:paddingLeft="0dip" android:paddingRight="0dip" android:paddingTop="0dip"/> </LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:paddingTop="2dip" android:paddingBottom="2dip" android:background="@color/list_item_background"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/photo" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_marginLeft="5dip" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:layout_weight="1" android:src="@drawable/default_avatar" /> <LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:layout_marginLeft="5dip" android:layout_weight="100"> <TextView android:id="@+id/text1" android:typeface="serif" android:singleLine="true" /> <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="3dip"> <TextView android:id="@+id/text2" android:typeface="serif" android:singleLine="true" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/text3" android:ellipsize="marquee" android:layout_marginLeft="3dip" android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" android:scrollHorizontally="true" /> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
然後是點擊事件:(點擊後要把選擇的聯系人號碼返回到輸入框裡)
// 獲取聯系人按鈕對象並綁定onClick單擊事件 phoneButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.find_phone); phoneButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // 從聯系人選擇號碼,再通過onActivityResult()方法處理回調結果 Intent intent = new Intent(context, ContactsActivity.class); startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE); } }); /** * 選擇聯系人的回調處理函數 */ @Override public void onActivityResult(int reqCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(reqCode, resultCode, data); if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) { switch (reqCode) { case REQUEST_CODE: String phone = data.getStringExtra("phone"); phoneEditText.setText(phone); break; } } }
下面就是聯系人界面的activity了:
/** * 顯示用戶手機上的聯系人 * * @author Mr.Z * @time 2012-3-21 * */ public class ContactsActivity extends Activity { private Context ctx = ContactsActivity.this; private TextView topTitleTextView; private ListView listView = null; List<HashMap<String, String>> contactsList = null; private EditText contactsSearchView; private ProgressDialog progressDialog = null; // 數據加載完成的消息 private final int MESSAGE_SUCC_LOAD = 0; // 數據查詢完成的消息 private final int MESSAGE_SUCC_QUERY = 1; private Handler handler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); switch (msg.what) { case MESSAGE_SUCC_LOAD: listView.setAdapter(new ContactsAdapter(ctx)); progressDialog.dismiss(); break; case MESSAGE_SUCC_QUERY: listView.setAdapter(new ContactsAdapter(ctx)); break; } } }; protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN); super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.contacts); // 使用listView顯示聯系人 listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.contact_list); loadAndSaveContacts(); // 綁定listView item的單擊事件 listView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int position, long _id) { HashMap<String, String> map = (HashMap<String, String>) adapterView.getItemAtPosition(position); String phone = map.get("phone"); // 對手機號碼進行預處理(去掉號碼前的+86、首尾空格、“-”號等) phone = phone.replaceAll("^(\\+86)", ""); phone = phone.replaceAll("^(86)", ""); phone = phone.replaceAll("-", ""); phone = phone.trim(); // 如果當前號碼並不是手機號碼 if (!SaleUtil.isValidPhoneNumber(phone)) SaleUtil.createDialog(ctx, R.string.dialog_title_tip, getString(R.string.alert_contacts_error_phone)); else { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.putExtra("phone", phone); setResult(RESULT_OK, intent); // 關閉當前窗口 finish(); } } }); contactsSearchView = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.search_view); contactsSearchView.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() { public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) { } public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) { } public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) { queryContacts(s.toString()); } }); } /** * 加載並存儲聯系人數據 */ private void loadAndSaveContacts() { progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(ctx, null, "正在加載聯系人數據..."); new Thread() { @Override public void run() { // 獲取聯系人數據 contactsList = findContacts(); // 臨時存儲聯系人數據 DBHelper.saveContacts(ctx, contactsList); // 發送消息通知更新UI handler.sendEmptyMessage(MESSAGE_SUCC_LOAD); } }.start(); } /** * 根據條件從本地臨時庫中獲取聯系人 * * @param keyWord 查詢關鍵字 */ private void queryContacts(final String keyWord) { new Thread() { @Override public void run() { // 獲取聯系人數據 contactsList = DBHelper.findContactsByCond(ctx, keyWord); // 發送消息通知更新UI handler.sendEmptyMessage(MESSAGE_SUCC_QUERY); } }.start(); } /** * 獲取手機聯系人信息 * * @return List<HashMap<String, String>> */ public List<HashMap<String, String>> findContacts() { List<HashMap<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); // 查詢聯系人 Cursor contactsCursor = ctx.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, PhoneLookup.DISPLAY_NAME + " COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC"); // 姓名的索引 int nameIndex = 0; // 聯系人姓名 String name = null; // 聯系人頭像ID String photoId = null; // 聯系人的ID索引值 String contactsId = null; // 查詢聯系人的電話號碼 Cursor phoneCursor = null; while (contactsCursor.moveToNext()) { nameIndex = contactsCursor.getColumnIndex(PhoneLookup.DISPLAY_NAME); name = contactsCursor.getString(nameIndex); photoId = contactsCursor.getString(contactsCursor.getColumnIndex(PhoneLookup.PHOTO_ID)); contactsId = contactsCursor.getString(contactsCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID)); phoneCursor = getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactsId, null, null); // 遍歷聯系人號碼(一個人對應於多個電話號碼) while (phoneCursor.moveToNext()) { HashMap<String, String> phoneMap = new HashMap<String, String>(); // 添加聯系人姓名 phoneMap.put("name", name); // 添加聯系人頭像 phoneMap.put("photo", photoId); // 添加電話號碼 phoneMap.put("phone", phoneCursor.getString(phoneCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER))); // 添加號碼類型(住宅電話、手機號碼、單位電話等) phoneMap.put("type", getString(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.getTypeLabelResource(phoneCursor.getInt(phoneCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE))))); list.add(phoneMap); } phoneCursor.close(); } contactsCursor.close(); return list; } /** * 獲取聯系人頭像 * * @param context 上下文環境 * @param photoId 頭像ID * @return Bitmap */ public static Bitmap getPhoto(Context context, String photoId) { Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.default_avatar); if (photoId != null && "".equals(photoId)) { String[] projection = new String[] { ContactsContract.Data.DATA15 }; String selection = "ContactsContract.Data._ID = " + photoId; Cursor cur = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, projection, selection, null, null); if (cur != null) { cur.moveToFirst(); byte[] contactIcon = null; contactIcon = cur.getBlob(cur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Data.DATA15)); if (contactIcon != null) { bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(contactIcon, 0, contactIcon.length); } } } return bitmap; } /** * 自定義聯系人Adapter */ class ContactsAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private LayoutInflater inflater = null; public ContactsAdapter(Context ctx) { inflater = LayoutInflater.from(ctx); } public int getCount() { return contactsList.size(); } public Object getItem(int position) { return contactsList.get(position); } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder = null; if (convertView == null) { holder = new ViewHolder(); convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.contacts_listview_item, null); holder.text1 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text1); holder.text2 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text2); holder.text3 = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text3); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } holder.text1.setText(contactsList.get(position).get("name")); holder.text2.setText(contactsList.get(position).get("type")); holder.text3.setText(contactsList.get(position).get("phone")); return convertView; } public final class ViewHolder { private TextView text1; private TextView text2; private TextView text3; } } }
查詢方法語句:
/** * 根據條件查詢聯系人數據 * * @param context 上下文環境 * @param keyWord 查詢關鍵字 * @return List<HashMap<String, String>> */ public static List<HashMap<String, String>> findContactsByCond(Context context, String keyWord) { List<HashMap<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); SQLiteDatabase db = DBHelper.getSQLiteDb(context); String sql = "select * from contacts where name like '" + keyWord + "%' or name_alias like '" + keyWord + "%' order by _id"; // 查詢數據 Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, null); while (cursor.moveToNext()) { HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); map.put("name", cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"))); map.put("phone", cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("phone"))); map.put("type", cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("type"))); map.put("photo", cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("photo"))); list.add(map); } cursor.close(); db.close(); return list; } /** * 存儲聯系人信息 * * @param context 上下文環境 * @param contactsList 聯系人列表 */ public static void saveContacts(Context context, List<HashMap<String, String>> contactsList) { SQLiteDatabase db = DBHelper.getSQLiteDb(context); // 開啟事務控制 db.beginTransaction(); try { // 先將聯系人數據清空 db.execSQL("drop table if exists contacts"); db.execSQL("create table contacts(_id integer not null primary key autoincrement, name varchar(50), name_alias varchar(10), phone varchar(30), type varchar(50), photo varchar(50))"); String sql = null; for (HashMap<String, String> contactsMap : contactsList) { sql = String.format("insert into contacts(name,name_alias,phone,type,photo) values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')", contactsMap.get("name"), SaleUtil.getPinYinFirstAlphabet(contactsMap.get("name")), contactsMap.get("phone"), contactsMap.get("type"), contactsMap.get("photo")); db.execSQL(sql); } // 設置事務標志為成功 db.setTransactionSuccessful(); } finally { // 結束事務 db.endTransaction(); db.close(); } }
工具類:
/** * 判斷客戶手機號碼是否符合規則 * * @param userPhone 客戶手機號碼 * @return true | false */ public static boolean isValidPhoneNumber(String userPhone) { if (null == userPhone || "".equals(userPhone)) return false; Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^0?1[0-9]{10}"); Matcher m = p.matcher(userPhone); return m.matches(); } /** * 獲取中文的拼音首字母 * * @param chinese 中文 * @return 拼音首字母 */ public static String getPinYinFirstAlphabet(String chinese) { String convert = ""; for (int j = 0; j < chinese.length(); j++) { char word = chinese.charAt(j); String[] pinyinArray = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(word); if (pinyinArray != null) { convert += pinyinArray[0].charAt(0); } else { convert += word; } } return convert; }
最後加上權限就行了;
<!-- 訪問聯系人的權限 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
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