編輯:關於Android編程
自從開始使用RecyclerView代替ListView,會發現有很多地方需要學習。前一段時間的學習記錄有:
RecyclerView的滾動事件研究 - DevWiki
RecyclerView的ViewHolder和Adapter的封裝優化 - DevWiki
RecyclerView問題記錄 - DevWiki
實現 RecyclerView的Item的點擊事件有三種方式:
1.在創建ItemView時添加點擊監聽
思路是:因為ViewHolder我們可以拿到每個Item的根布局,所以如果我們為根布局設置單獨的OnClick監聽並將其開放給Adapter,那不就可以在組裝RecyclerView時就能夠設置ItemClickListener,只不過這個Listener不是設置到RecyclerView上而是設置到Adapter。具體實現代碼如下:
public class SampleAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<SampleAdapter.SampleViewHolder> { private List<DataBean> mDatas; private OnItemClickListener mListener; // Item點擊事件 public DataBean getItem(int position) { return mDatas == null ? null : mDatas.get(position); } @Override public SampleViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { View itemView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item, parent,false); return new SampleViewHolder(itemView); } @Override public void onBindViewHolder(SampleViewHolder holder, int position) { } @Override public int getItemCount() { return mDatas == null ? 0 : mDatas.size(); } class SampleViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener, View.OnLongClickListener { public SampleViewHolder(View itemView) { super(itemView); // TODO:初始化View ... itemView.setOnClickListener(this); itemView.setOnLongClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (mListener != null) { mListener.onItemClick(SampleAdapter.this, v, getLayoutPosition()); } } @Override public boolean onLongClick(View v) { if (mListener != null) { mListener.onItemLongClick(SampleAdapter.this, v, getLayoutPosition()); return true; } return false; } } }
2.當ItemView attach RecyclerView時實現
該實現方法是在閱讀國外的一篇博客時發現的,原文鏈接如下:Getting your clicks on RecyclerView
實現的代碼如下:
public class ItemClickSupport { private static final int KEY = 0x99999999; private final RecyclerView mRecyclerView; private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener; private OnItemLongClickListener mOnItemLongClickListener; private View.OnClickListener mOnClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder = mRecyclerView.getChildViewHolder(v); mOnItemClickListener.onItemClicked(mRecyclerView, v, holder.getAdapterPosition()); } } }; private View.OnLongClickListener mOnLongClickListener = new View.OnLongClickListener() { @Override public boolean onLongClick(View v) { if (mOnItemLongClickListener != null) { RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder = mRecyclerView.getChildViewHolder(v); return mOnItemLongClickListener.onItemLongClicked(mRecyclerView, v, holder.getAdapterPosition()); } return false; } }; private RecyclerView.OnChildAttachStateChangeListener mAttachListener = new RecyclerView.OnChildAttachStateChangeListener() { @Override public void onChildViewAttachedToWindow(View view) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { view.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener); } if (mOnItemLongClickListener != null) { view.setOnLongClickListener(mOnLongClickListener); } } @Override public void onChildViewDetachedFromWindow(View view) { } }; /** * ItemClickSupport的私有構造方法 */ private ItemClickSupport(RecyclerView recyclerView) { mRecyclerView = recyclerView; mRecyclerView.setTag(KEY, this); // 為RecyclerView設置OnChildAttachStateChangeListener事件監聽 mRecyclerView.addOnChildAttachStateChangeListener(mAttachListener); } /** * 為RecyclerView設置ItemClickSupport */ public static ItemClickSupport addTo(RecyclerView view) { ItemClickSupport support = (ItemClickSupport) view.getTag(KEY); if (support == null) { support = new ItemClickSupport(view); } return support; } /** * 為RecyclerView移除ItemClickSupport */ public static ItemClickSupport removeFrom(RecyclerView view) { ItemClickSupport support = (ItemClickSupport) view.getTag(KEY); if (support != null) { support.detach(view); } return support; } /** * 為RecyclerView設置點擊事件監聽 */ public ItemClickSupport setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener listener) { mOnItemClickListener = listener; return this; } /** * 為RecyclerView設置長按事件監聽 */ public ItemClickSupport setOnItemLongClickListener(OnItemLongClickListener listener) { mOnItemLongClickListener = listener; return this; } /** * 為RecyclerView移除OnChildAttachStateChangeListener事件監聽 */ private void detach(RecyclerView view) { view.removeOnChildAttachStateChangeListener(mAttachListener); view.setTag(KEY, null); } /** * RecyclerView的點擊事件監聽接口 */ public interface OnItemClickListener { void onItemClicked(RecyclerView recyclerView, View itemView, int position); } /** * RecyclerView的長按事件監聽接口 */ public interface OnItemLongClickListener { boolean onItemLongClicked(RecyclerView recyclerView, View itemView, int position); } }
上面的代碼中給RecyclerView設置了OnChildAttachStateChangeListener事件監聽,當子View attach RecyclerView時設置事件監聽。
private RecyclerView.OnChildAttachStateChangeListener mAttachListener = new RecyclerView.OnChildAttachStateChangeListener() { @Override public void onChildViewAttachedToWindow(View view) { if (mOnItemClickListener != null) { view.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener); } if (mOnItemLongClickListener != null) { view.setOnLongClickListener(mOnLongClickListener); } } @Override public void onChildViewDetachedFromWindow(View view) {} };
使用時只需要調用addTo(RecycleView view)方法得到ItemClickSupport對象,然後調用setOnItemClickListener()方法和setOnItemLongClickListener()方法設置ItemView的點擊事件和長按事件監聽即可。
3.通過RecyclerView已有的方法addOnItemTouchListener()實現
3.1、查看源碼
查看RecyclerView源碼可以看到,RecyclerView預留了一個Item的觸摸事件方法:
/** * Add an {@link OnItemTouchListener} to intercept touch events before they are dispatched * to child views or this view's standard scrolling behavior. * * <p>Client code may use listeners to implement item manipulation behavior. Once a listener * returns true from * {@link OnItemTouchListener#onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView, MotionEvent)} its * {@link OnItemTouchListener#onTouchEvent(RecyclerView, MotionEvent)} method will be called * for each incoming MotionEvent until the end of the gesture.</p> * * @param listener Listener to add * @see SimpleOnItemTouchListener */ public void addOnItemTouchListener(OnItemTouchListener listener) { mOnItemTouchListeners.add(listener); }
通過注釋我們可知,此方法是在滾動事件之前調用,需要傳入一個OnItemTouchListener對象。OnItemTouchListener的代碼如下:
public static interface OnItemTouchListener { public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e); public void onTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e); public void onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept); }
此接口還提供了一個實現類,且官方推薦使用該實現類SimpleOnItemTouchListener:
/** * An implementation of {@link RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener} that has empty method bodies and * default return values. * * You may prefer to extend this class if you don't need to override all methods. Another * benefit of using this class is future compatibility. As the interface may change, we'll * always provide a default implementation on this class so that your code won't break when * you update to a new version of the support library. */ public static class SimpleOnItemTouchListener implements RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener { <span > </span> @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e) { return false; } @Override public void onTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e) { } @Override public void onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) { } }
在觸摸接口中,當觸摸時會回調一個MotionEvent對象,通過使用GestureDetectorCompat來解析用戶的操作。
3.2、了解GestureDetector的工作原理
對於觸摸屏,其原生的消息無非按下、抬起、移動這幾種,我們只需要簡單重載onTouch或者設置觸摸偵聽器setOnTouchListener即可進行處理。不過,為了提高我們的APP的用戶體驗,有時候我們需要識別用戶的手勢,Android給我們提供的手勢識別工具GestureDetector就可以幫上大忙了。
GestureDetector的工作原理是,當我們接收到用戶觸摸消息時,將這個消息交給GestureDetector去加工,我們通過設置偵聽器獲得GestureDetector處理後的手勢。
GestureDetector提供了兩個偵聽器接口,OnGestureListener處理單擊類消息,OnDoubleTapListener處理雙擊類消息。
OnGestureListener的接口有這幾個:
// 單擊,觸摸屏按下時立刻觸發 abstract boolean onDown(MotionEvent e); // 抬起,手指離開觸摸屏時觸發(長按、滾動、滑動時,不會觸發這個手勢) abstract boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e); // 短按,觸摸屏按下後片刻後抬起,會觸發這個手勢,如果迅速抬起則不會 abstract void onShowPress(MotionEvent e); // 長按,觸摸屏按下後既不抬起也不移動,過一段時間後觸發 abstract void onLongPress(MotionEvent e); // 滾動,觸摸屏按下後移動 abstract boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY); // 滑動,觸摸屏按下後快速移動並抬起,會先觸發滾動手勢,跟著觸發一個滑動手勢 abstract boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY); OnDoubleTapListener的接口有這幾個:
// 雙擊,手指在觸摸屏上迅速點擊第二下時觸發 abstract boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent e); // 雙擊的按下跟抬起各觸發一次 abstract boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e); // 單擊確認,即很快的按下並抬起,但並不連續點擊第二下 abstract boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent e);
有時候我們並不需要處理上面所有手勢,方便起見,Android提供了另外一個類SimpleOnGestureListener實現了如上接口,我們只需要繼承SimpleOnGestureListener然後重載需要的手勢即可。
3.3、實現點擊事件監聽
了解了GestureDetector的工作原理之後,便開始實現RecycleView的Item的點擊事件。首先寫一個SimpleRecycleViewItemClickListener類繼承SimpleOnItemTouchListener,構造時傳入Item點擊回調OnItemClickListener,並覆寫父類的boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e)方法,具體代碼如下:
/** * RecyclerView的Item點擊事件監聽 * * @author liyunlong * @date 2016/11/21 9:42 */ public class SimpleRecycleViewItemClickListener extends RecyclerView.SimpleOnItemTouchListener { private OnItemClickListener mListener; private GestureDetectorCompat mGestureDetector; public SimpleRecycleViewItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener listener) { this.mListener = listener; } @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(RecyclerView rv, MotionEvent e) { if (mGestureDetector == null) { initGestureDetector(rv); } if (mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(e)) { // 把事件交給GestureDetector處理 return true; } else { return false; } } /** * 初始化GestureDetector */ private void initGestureDetector(final RecyclerView recyclerView) { mGestureDetector = new GestureDetectorCompat(recyclerView.getContext(), new GestureDetector.SimpleOnGestureListener() { // 這裡選擇SimpleOnGestureListener實現類,可以根據需要選擇重寫的方法 /** * 單擊事件 */ @Override public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) { View childView = recyclerView.findChildViewUnder(e.getX(), e.getY()); if (childView != null && mListener != null) { mListener.onItemClick(childView, recyclerView.getChildLayoutPosition(childView)); return true; } return false; } /** * 長按事件 */ @Override public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) { View childView = recyclerView.findChildViewUnder(e.getX(), e.getY()); if (childView != null && mListener != null) { mListener.onItemLongClick(childView, recyclerView.getChildLayoutPosition(childView)); } } /** * 雙擊事件 */ @Override public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e) { int action = e.getAction(); if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) { View childView = recyclerView.findChildViewUnder(e.getX(), e.getY()); if (childView != null && mListener != null) { mListener.onItemDoubleClick(childView, recyclerView.getChildLayoutPosition(childView)); return true; } } return false; } }); } /** * RecyclerView的Item點擊事件監聽接口 * * @author liyunlong * @date 2016/11/21 9:43 */ public interface OnItemClickListener { /** * 當ItemView的單擊事件觸發時調用 */ void onItemClick(View view, int position); /** * 當ItemView的長按事件觸發時調用 */ void onItemLongClick(View view, int position); /** * 當ItemView的雙擊事件觸發時調用 */ void onItemDoubleClick(View view, int position); } /** * RecyclerView的Item點擊事件監聽實現 * * @author liyunlong * @date 2016/11/21 10:05 */ public class SimpleOnItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener { @Override public void onItemClick(View view, int position) { } @Override public void onItemLongClick(View view, int position) { } @Override public void onItemDoubleClick(View view, int position) { } } }
在GestureDetectorCompat的手勢回調中我們覆寫:
如果我們只需要監聽單擊事件,而不需要監聽長按事件和雙擊事件,構造SimpleRecycleViewItemClickListener時只需要傳入SimpleOnItemClickListener即可,如果需要處理其它的手勢監聽,也可以覆寫對應的手勢回調方法。
4.三種方法對比
以上三種方式分別是:
從以上三種方式的實現過程可知:
三種均可實現ItemView的點擊事件和長按事件的監聽。
第一種和第二種方式可以很方便對ItemView中的子View進行監聽。
第三種方式可以很方便獲取用戶點擊的坐標。
第二種方式和第三種方式可以寫在單獨的類中,相對於第一種寫在Adapter的方式可使代碼更獨立整潔。
綜上所述:
如果你只想監聽ItemView的點擊事件或長按事件,三種方式均可。
如果你想監聽ItemView中每個子View的點擊事件,采用第一種或者第二種比較方便。
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