編輯:關於Android編程
最近在網上搜索Android的Inject與Hook,發現很多都因為時間久遠而失效了,試了很多方案,最終找到了一個,特地來轉載分享一下,本人的三星S6 6.0.1系統測試可用,另外4.2 4.4也都測試通過。
1.inject.c
#include#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #if defined(__i386__) #define pt_regs user_regs_struct #elif defined(__aarch64__) #define pt_regs user_pt_regs #define uregs regs #define ARM_pc pc #define ARM_sp sp #define ARM_cpsr pstate #define ARM_lr regs[30] #define ARM_r0 regs[0] #define PTRACE_GETREGS PTRACE_GETREGSET #define PTRACE_SETREGS PTRACE_SETREGSET #endif #define ENABLE_DEBUG 1 #if ENABLE_DEBUG #define LOG_TAG "INJECT" #define LOGD(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG,LOG_TAG, fmt, ##args) #define DEBUG_PRINT(format,args...) \ LOGD(format, ##args) #else #define DEBUG_PRINT(format,args...) #endif #define CPSR_T_MASK ( 1u << 5 ) #if defined(__aarch64__) const char *libc_path = "/system/lib64/libc.so"; const char *linker_path = "/system/bin/linker64"; #else const char *libc_path = "/system/lib/libc.so"; const char *linker_path = "/system/bin/linker"; #endif int ptrace_readdata(pid_t pid, uint8_t *src, uint8_t *buf, size_t size) { long i, j, remain; uint8_t *laddr; size_t bytes_width = sizeof(long); union u { long val; char chars[bytes_width]; } d; j = size / bytes_width; remain = size % bytes_width; laddr = buf; for (i = 0; i < j; i ++) { d.val = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, pid, src, 0); memcpy(laddr, d.chars, bytes_width); src += bytes_width; laddr += bytes_width; } if (remain > 0) { d.val = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, pid, src, 0); memcpy(laddr, d.chars, remain); } return 0; } /* Func : 將size字節的data數據寫入到pid進程的dest地址處 @param dest: 目的進程的棧地址 @param data: 需要寫入的數據的起始地址 @param size: 需要寫入的數據的大小,以字節為單位 */ int ptrace_writedata(pid_t pid, uint8_t *dest, uint8_t *data, size_t size) { long i, j, remain; uint8_t *laddr; size_t bytes_width = sizeof(long); //很巧妙的聯合體,這樣就可以方便的以字節為單位寫入4字節數據,再以long為單位ptrace_poketext到棧中 union u { long val; char chars[bytes_width]; } d; j = size / bytes_width; remain = size % bytes_width; laddr = data; //先以4字節為單位進行數據寫入 for (i = 0; i < j; i ++) { memcpy(d.chars, laddr, bytes_width); ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT, pid, dest, d.val); dest += bytes_width; laddr += bytes_width; } if (remain > 0) { //為了最大程度的保持原棧的數據,先讀取dest的long數據,然後只更改其中的前remain字節,再寫回 d.val = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, pid, dest, 0); for (i = 0; i < remain; i ++) { d.chars[i] = *laddr ++; } ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT, pid, dest, d.val); } return 0; } /* 功能總結: 1,將要執行的指令寫入寄存器中,指令長度大於4個long的話,需要將剩余的指令通過ptrace_writedata函數寫入棧中; 2,使用ptrace_continue函數運行目的進程,直到目的進程返回狀態值0xb7f(對該值的分析見後面紅字); 3,函數執行完之後,目標進程掛起,使用ptrace_getregs函數獲取當前的所有寄存器值,方便後面使用ptrace_retval函數獲取函數的返回值。 */ #if defined(__arm__) || defined(__aarch64__) int ptrace_call(pid_t pid, uintptr_t addr, long *params, int num_params, struct pt_regs* regs) { int i; #if defined(__arm__) int num_param_registers = 4; #elif defined(__aarch64__) int num_param_registers = 8; #endif for (i = 0; i < num_params && i < num_param_registers; i ++) { regs->uregs[i] = params[i]; } // // push remained params onto stack // if (i < num_params) { regs->ARM_sp -= (num_params - i) * sizeof(long) ; ptrace_writedata(pid, (void *)regs->ARM_sp,(uint8_t *)& params[i], (num_params - i) * sizeof(long)); } //將PC寄存器值設為目標函數的地址 regs->ARM_pc = addr; //進行指令集判斷 if (regs->ARM_pc & 1) { /* thumb */ regs->ARM_pc &= (~1u); // #define CPSR_T_MASK ( 1u << 5 ) CPSR為程序狀態寄存器 regs->ARM_cpsr |= CPSR_T_MASK; } else { /* arm */ regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~CPSR_T_MASK; } //設置子程序的返回地址為空,以便函數執行完後,返回到null地址,產生SIGSEGV錯誤,詳細作用見後面的紅字分析 regs->ARM_lr = 0; /* *Ptrace_setregs就是將修改後的regs寫入寄存器中,然後調用ptrace_continue來執行我們指定的代碼 */ if (ptrace_setregs(pid, regs) == -1 || ptrace_continue(pid) == -1) { printf("error\n"); return -1; } int stat = 0; waitpid(pid, &stat, WUNTRACED); /* WUNTRACED告訴waitpid,如果子進程進入暫停狀態,那麼就立即返回。如果是被ptrace的子進程,那麼即使不提供WUNTRACED參數,也會在子進程進入暫停狀態的時候立即返回。 對於使用ptrace_cont運行的子進程,它會在3種情況下進入暫停狀態:①下一次系統調用;②子進程退出;③子進程的執行發生錯誤。這裡的0xb7f就表示子進程進入了暫停狀態,且發送的錯誤信號為11(SIGSEGV),它表示試圖訪問未分配給自己的內存, 或試圖往沒有寫權限的內存地址寫數據。那麼什麼時候會發生這種錯誤呢?顯然,當子進程執行完注入的函數後,由於我們在前面設置了regs->ARM_lr = 0,它就會返回到0地址處繼續執行,這樣就會產生SIGSEGV了!*/ //這個循環是否必須我還不確定。因為目前每次ptrace_call調用必定會返回0xb7f,不過在這也算是增加容錯性吧~ //通過看ndk的源碼sys/wait.h以及man waitpid可以知道這個0xb7f的具體作用。首先說一下stat的值:高2字節用於表示導致子進程的退出或暫停狀態信號值,低2字節表示子進程是退出(0x0)還是暫停(0x7f)狀態。0xb7f就表示子進程為暫停狀態,導致它暫停的信號量為11即sigsegv錯誤。 while (stat != 0xb7f) { if (ptrace_continue(pid) == -1) { printf("error\n"); return -1; } waitpid(pid, &stat, WUNTRACED); } return 0; } #elif defined(__i386__) long ptrace_call(pid_t pid, uintptr_t addr, long *params, int num_params, struct user_regs_struct * regs) { regs->esp -= (num_params) * sizeof(long) ; ptrace_writedata(pid, (void *)regs->esp, (uint8_t *)params, (num_params) * sizeof(long)); long tmp_addr = 0x00; regs->esp -= sizeof(long); ptrace_writedata(pid, regs->esp, (char *)&tmp_addr, sizeof(tmp_addr)); regs->eip = addr; if (ptrace_setregs(pid, regs) == -1 || ptrace_continue( pid) == -1) { printf("error\n"); return -1; } int stat = 0; waitpid(pid, &stat, WUNTRACED); while (stat != 0xb7f) { if (ptrace_continue(pid) == -1) { printf("error\n"); return -1; } waitpid(pid, &stat, WUNTRACED); } return 0; } #else #error "Not supported" #endif int ptrace_getregs(pid_t pid, struct pt_regs * regs) { #if defined (__aarch64__) int regset = NT_PRSTATUS; struct iovec ioVec; ioVec.iov_base = regs; ioVec.iov_len = sizeof(*regs); if (ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGSET, pid, (void*)regset, &ioVec) < 0) { perror("ptrace_getregs: Can not get register values"); printf(" io %llx, %d", ioVec.iov_base, ioVec.iov_len); return -1; } return 0; #else if (ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, NULL, regs) < 0) { perror("ptrace_getregs: Can not get register values"); return -1; } return 0; #endif } int ptrace_setregs(pid_t pid, struct pt_regs * regs) { #if defined (__aarch64__) int regset = NT_PRSTATUS; struct iovec ioVec; ioVec.iov_base = regs; ioVec.iov_len = sizeof(*regs); if (ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGSET, pid, (void*)regset, &ioVec) < 0) { perror("ptrace_setregs: Can not get register values"); return -1; } return 0; #else if (ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, pid, NULL, regs) < 0) { perror("ptrace_setregs: Can not set register values"); return -1; } return 0; #endif } int ptrace_continue(pid_t pid) { if (ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, pid, NULL, 0) < 0) { perror("ptrace_cont"); return -1; } return 0; } int ptrace_attach(pid_t pid) { if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, NULL, 0) < 0) { perror("ptrace_attach"); return -1; } int status = 0; waitpid(pid, &status , WUNTRACED); return 0; } int ptrace_detach(pid_t pid) { if (ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, 0) < 0) { perror("ptrace_detach"); return -1; } return 0; } //顯然,這裡面核心的就是get_module_base函數: /* 此函數的功能就是通過遍歷/proc/pid/maps文件,來找到目的module_name的內存映射起始地址。 由於內存地址的表達方式是startAddrxxxxxxx-endAddrxxxxxxx的,所以會在後面使用strtok(line,"-")來分割字符串 如果pid = -1,表示獲取本地進程的某個模塊的地址, 否則就是pid進程的某個模塊的地址。 */ void* get_module_base(pid_t pid, const char* module_name) { FILE *fp; long addr = 0; char *pch; char filename[32]; char line[1024]; if (pid < 0) { /* self process */ snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/self/maps", pid); } else { snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/maps", pid); } fp = fopen(filename, "r"); if (fp != NULL) { while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) { if (strstr(line, module_name)) { //分解字符串為一組字符串。line為要分解的字符串,"-"為分隔符字符串。 pch = strtok( line, "-" ); //將參數pch字符串根據參數base(表示進制)來轉換成無符號的長整型數 addr = strtoull( pch, NULL, 16 ); if (addr == 0x8000) addr = 0; break; } } fclose(fp) ; } return (void *)addr; } /* 該函數為一個封裝函數,通過調用get_module_base函數來獲取目的進程的某個模塊的起始地址,然後通過公式計算出指定函數在目的進程的起始地址。 */ void* get_remote_addr(pid_t target_pid, const char* module_name, void* local_addr) { void* local_handle, *remote_handle; //獲取本地某個模塊的起始地址 local_handle = get_module_base(-1, module_name); //獲取遠程pid的某個模塊的起始地址 remote_handle = get_module_base(target_pid, module_name); DEBUG_PRINT("[+] get_remote_addr: local[%llx], remote[%llx]\n", local_handle, remote_handle); /*這需要我們好好理解:local_addr - local_handle的值為指定函數(如mmap)在該模塊中的偏移量,然後再加上rempte_handle,結果就為指定函數在目的進程的虛擬地址*/ void * ret_addr = (void *)((uintptr_t)local_addr + (uintptr_t)remote_handle - (uintptr_t)local_handle); #if defined(__i386__) if (!strcmp(module_name, libc_path)) { ret_addr += 2; } #endif return ret_addr; } //根據name找到pid int find_pid_of(const char *process_name) { int id; pid_t pid = -1; DIR* dir; FILE *fp; char filename[32]; char cmdline[256]; struct dirent * entry; if (process_name == NULL) return -1; dir = opendir("/proc"); if (dir == NULL) return -1; while((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) { id = atoi(entry->d_name); if (id != 0) { sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/cmdline", id); fp = fopen(filename, "r"); if (fp) { fgets(cmdline, sizeof(cmdline), fp); fclose(fp); if (strcmp(process_name, cmdline) == 0) { /* process found */ pid = id; break; } } } } closedir(dir); return pid; } uint64_t ptrace_retval(struct pt_regs * regs) { #if defined(__arm__) || defined(__aarch64__) return regs->ARM_r0; #elif defined(__i386__) return regs->eax; #else #error "Not supported" #endif } uint64_t ptrace_ip(struct pt_regs * regs) { #if defined(__arm__) || defined(__aarch64__) return regs->ARM_pc; #elif defined(__i386__) return regs->eip; #else #error "Not supported" #endif } //總結一下ptrace_call_wrapper,它的完成兩個功能: //一是調用ptrace_call函數來執行指定函數,執行完後將子進程掛起; //二是調用ptrace_getregs函數獲取所有寄存器的值,主要是為了獲取r0即函數的返回值。 int ptrace_call_wrapper(pid_t target_pid, const char * func_name, void * func_addr, long * parameters, int param_num, struct pt_regs * regs) { DEBUG_PRINT("[+] Calling %s in target process.\n", func_name); if (ptrace_call(target_pid, (uintptr_t)func_addr, parameters, param_num, regs) == -1) return -1; if (ptrace_getregs(target_pid, regs) == -1) return -1; DEBUG_PRINT("[+] Target process returned from %s, return value=%llx, pc=%llx \n", func_name, ptrace_retval(regs), ptrace_ip(regs)); return 0; } //遠程注入 int inject_remote_process(pid_t target_pid, const char *library_path, const char *function_name, const char *param, size_t param_size) { int ret = -1; void *mmap_addr, *dlopen_addr, *dlsym_addr, *dlclose_addr, *dlerror_addr; void *local_handle, *remote_handle, *dlhandle; uint8_t *map_base = 0; uint8_t *dlopen_param1_ptr, *dlsym_param2_ptr, *saved_r0_pc_ptr, *inject_param_ptr, *remote_code_ptr, *local_code_ptr; struct pt_regs regs, original_regs; long parameters[10]; DEBUG_PRINT("[+] Injecting process: %d\n", target_pid); //①ATTATCH,指定目標進程,開始調試 if (ptrace_attach(target_pid) == -1) goto exit; //②GETREGS,獲取目標進程的寄存器,保存現場 if (ptrace_getregs(target_pid, ®s) == -1) goto exit; /* save original registers */ memcpy(&original_regs, ®s, sizeof(regs)); //③通過get_remote_addr函數獲取目的進程的mmap函數的地址,以便為libxxx.so分配內存 /* 需要對(void*)mmap進行說明:這是取得inject本身進程的mmap函數的地址,由於mmap函數在libc.so 庫中,為了將libxxx.so加載到目的進程中,就需要使用目的進程的mmap函數,所以需要查找到libc.so庫在目的進程的起始地址。 */ mmap_addr = get_remote_addr(target_pid, libc_path, (void *)mmap); DEBUG_PRINT("[+] Remote mmap address: %llx\n", mmap_addr); /* call mmap (null, 0x4000, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, 0, 0); 匿名申請一塊0x4000大小的內存 */ parameters[0] = 0; // addr parameters[1] = 0x4000; // size parameters[2] = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC; // prot parameters[3] = MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE; // flags parameters[4] = 0; //fd parameters[5] = 0; //offset if (ptrace_call_wrapper(target_pid, "mmap", mmap_addr, parameters, 6, ®s) == -1) goto exit; //⑤從寄存器中獲取mmap函數的返回值,即申請的內存首地址: map_base = ptrace_retval(®s); //⑥依次獲取linker中dlopen、dlsym、dlclose、dlerror函數的地址: dlopen_addr = get_remote_addr( target_pid, linker_path, (void *)dlopen ); dlsym_addr = get_remote_addr( target_pid, linker_path, (void *)dlsym ); dlclose_addr = get_remote_addr( target_pid, linker_path, (void *)dlclose ); dlerror_addr = get_remote_addr( target_pid, linker_path, (void *)dlerror ); DEBUG_PRINT("[+] Get imports: dlopen: %llx, dlsym: %llx, dlclose: %llx, dlerror: %llx\n", dlopen_addr, dlsym_addr, dlclose_addr, dlerror_addr); printf("library path = %s\n", library_path); //⑦調用dlopen函數: /* ①將要注入的so名寫入前面mmap出來的內存 ②寫入dlopen代碼 ③執行dlopen("libxxx.so", RTLD_NOW ! RTLD_GLOBAL) RTLD_NOW之類的參數作用可參考: http://baike.baidu.com/view/2907309.htm?fr=aladdin ④取得dlopen的返回值,存放在sohandle變量中 */ ptrace_writedata(target_pid, map_base, library_path, strlen(library_path) + 1); parameters[0] = map_base; parameters[1] = RTLD_NOW| RTLD_GLOBAL; if (ptrace_call_wrapper(target_pid, "dlopen", dlopen_addr, parameters, 2, ®s) == -1) goto exit; void * sohandle = ptrace_retval(®s); if(!sohandle) { if (ptrace_call_wrapper(target_pid, "dlerror", dlerror_addr, 0, 0, ®s) == -1) goto exit; uint8_t *errret = ptrace_retval(®s); uint8_t errbuf[100]; ptrace_readdata(target_pid, errret, errbuf, 100); } //⑧調用dlsym函數 /* 等同於hook_entry_addr = (void *)dlsym(sohandle, "hook_entry"); */ #define FUNCTION_NAME_ADDR_OFFSET 0x100 ptrace_writedata(target_pid, map_base + FUNCTION_NAME_ADDR_OFFSET, function_name, strlen(function_name) + 1); parameters[0] = sohandle; parameters[1] = map_base + FUNCTION_NAME_ADDR_OFFSET; if (ptrace_call_wrapper(target_pid, "dlsym", dlsym_addr, parameters, 2, ®s) == -1) goto exit; void * hook_entry_addr = ptrace_retval(®s); DEBUG_PRINT("hook_entry_addr = %p\n", hook_entry_addr); //⑨調用hook_entry函數: #define FUNCTION_PARAM_ADDR_OFFSET 0x200 ptrace_writedata(target_pid, map_base + FUNCTION_PARAM_ADDR_OFFSET, param, strlen(param) + 1); parameters[0] = map_base + FUNCTION_PARAM_ADDR_OFFSET; if (ptrace_call_wrapper(target_pid, "hook_entry", hook_entry_addr, parameters, 1, ®s) == -1) goto exit; printf("Press enter to dlclose and detach\n"); getchar(); parameters[0] = sohandle; //⑩調用dlclose關閉lib: if (ptrace_call_wrapper(target_pid, "dlclose", dlclose, parameters, 1, ®s) == -1) goto exit; /* restore */ //?恢復現場並退出ptrace: ptrace_setregs(target_pid, &original_regs); ptrace_detach(target_pid); ret = 0; exit: return ret; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { pid_t target_pid; target_pid = find_pid_of("system_server"); if (-1 == target_pid) { printf("Can't find the process\n"); return -1; } //target_pid = find_pid_of("/data/test"); inject_remote_process(target_pid, "/data/libhello.so", "hook_entry", "I'm parameter!", strlen("I'm parameter!")); return 0; }
APP_ABI :=arm64-v8a armeabi-v7a
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_MODULE := inject LOCAL_SRC_FILES := inject.c #shellcode.s LOCAL_LDLIBS += -L$(SYSROOT)/usr/lib -llog #LOCAL_FORCE_STATIC_EXECUTABLE := true include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
#include#include #include #include #include #include #define LOG_TAG "DEBUG" #define LOGD(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, fmt, ##args) int hook_entry(char * a){ LOGD("Hook success, pid = %d\n", getpid()); LOGD("Hello %s\n", a); return 0; }
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