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 Android教程網 >> Android技術 >> 關於Android編程 >> webview系列：Html5頁面和Native App怎麼進行交互

webview系列：Html5頁面和Native App怎麼進行交互

編輯：關於Android編程

webview系列：Html5頁面和Native App怎麼進行交互

混合開發的App（Hybrid App）就是在一個App中內嵌一個輕量級的浏覽器，一部分原生的功能改為Html5來開發，這部分功能不僅能夠在不升級App的情況下動態更新，而且可以在Android或iOS的App上同時運行，讓用戶的體驗更好又可以節省開發的資源。

我覺得一個Hybrid開發的App中必須要要有的功能就是Html5頁面和Native App怎麼進行交互。比如，我點了一個Html 5頁面上的一個按鈕或鏈接，我能不能夠跳轉到Native App的某個頁面；比如我點了Html 5頁面上的分享按鈕，我能不能調用Native App的分享功能；比如Html加載的時候能不能獲取Native App的用戶信息等等。

一般來講，我所知道的兩種主流的方式就是：

js調用Native中的代碼
Schema：WebView攔截頁面跳轉

第2種方式實現起來很簡單，但是一個致命的問題就是這種交互方式是單向的，Html5無法實現回調。如果需求變得復雜，假如Html5需要獲取Native App中的用戶信息，那麼最好使用js調用的方式。例如我們通過淘寶客戶端進入天貓的h5頁面購物，在這種情況下，你就需要在webview頁面獲取登陸用戶的信息。

一.方式1：js和Native進行交互

demo

webview相關頁面配置

        WebSettings webSettings = mWebview.getSettings();
        //①設置WebView允許調用js
        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        webSettings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("UTF-8");
        //②將object對象暴露給Js,調用addjavascriptInterface
        mWebview.addJavascriptInterface(new MyObject(TestWebViewActivity.this), "myObj");

靜態頁面




MyObject


/**
 * Created by niehongtao on 16/10/9.
 */
public class MyObject {
    private Context context;

    public MyObject(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    //將顯示Toast和對話框的方法暴露給JS腳本調用
    @JavascriptInterface
    public void showToast(String name) {
        Toast.makeText(context, name, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @JavascriptInterface
    public void showDialog() {
        new AlertDialog.Builder(context)
                .setTitle("聯系人列表").setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setItems(new String[]{"基神", "B神", "曹神", "街神", "翔神"}, null)
                .setPositiveButton("確定", null).create().show();
    }
}




這個講解的最為具體


二.方式2：Scheme：WebView攔截頁面跳轉


demo



	
點擊網頁裡的超鏈接，跳轉到原生頁面




webviewActivity


package com.ht.fyforandroid.test.webview;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;

import com.ht.fyforandroid.R;
import com.ht.fyforandroid.base.BaseActivity;

import butterknife.InjectView;

/**
 * Created by niehongtao on 16/7/7.
 * 進行仿微信加載WebView顯示進度條,直接調用start()方法進行跳轉.
 */
public class TestWebViewActivity extends BaseActivity {
    @InjectView(R.id.webview)
    WebView mWebview;


    @Override
    protected int getLayoutId() {
        return R.layout.activity_webview;
    }

    @Override
    protected void init(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        TestWebViewActivity.super.mLoadingDialog.hideLoading();
        mWebview.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/test.html");
        mWebview.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
            @Override
            public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
                Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
                if (uri.getScheme().equals("xl")) {
                    startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(url)));
                } else {
                    view.loadUrl(url);
                }
                return true;
            }
        });

    }


    public static void startActivity(Context context) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(context, TestWebViewActivity.class);
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }


    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if (mWebview != null) {
            mWebview.destroy();
        }
    }

}



靜態頁面test.html



test scheme

需要跳轉到的頁面


配置信息


        
            
            
                
                
                
                
                
                
            
        




頁面


package com.ht.fyforandroid.test.scheme;

import android.os.Bundle;

import com.ht.fyforandroid.R;
import com.ht.fyforandroid.base.BaseActivity;

/**
 * Created by niehongtao on 16/10/8.
 */
public class Test1Activity extends BaseActivity {
    @Override
    protected int getLayoutId() {
        return R.layout.activity_test1;
    }

    @Override
    protected void init(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    }
}






    





應用場景：


Android中的scheme是一種非常好的實現機制，通過定義自己的scheme協議，可以非常方便跳轉app中的各個頁面；

通過scheme協議，服務器可以定制化告訴App跳轉那個頁面，可以通過通知欄消息定制化跳轉頁面，可以通過H5頁面跳轉頁面等。

已經可以適應多數的應用場景


三.一些開源項目的實現方案


coding上的實現方案


    public static boolean openActivityByUri(Context context, String uri, boolean newTask, boolean defaultIntent, boolean share) {

        final String ProjectPath = "/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w\\.-]+)";
        final String Host = Global.HOST;
        final String UserPath = "/u/([\\w.-]+)";

        Intent intent = new Intent();
        if (newTask) {
            intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        }

        final String uriString = uri.replace("/team/", "/user/").replace("/t/", "/u/");  // 添加 team 後導致的 api 失效問題

        final String NAME = "([\\w.-]+)";

        final String uriPath = uriString.replace(Global.HOST, "");

        final String projectPattern = String.format("^/u/%s/p/%s(.*)", NAME, NAME);
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(projectPattern);
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(uriPath);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            String user = matcher.group(1);
            String project = matcher.group(2);
            String simplePath = matcher.group(3); // 去除了 /u/*/p/* 的路徑
            final String projectPath = String.format("/user/%s/project/%s", user, project);

            // 代碼中的文件 https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/TestPrivate/git/blob/master/jumpto
            final String gitFile = String.format("^/git/blob/%s/(.*)$", NAME);
            pattern = Pattern.compile(gitFile);
            matcher = pattern.matcher(simplePath);
            if (matcher.find()) {
                String version = matcher.group(1);
                String path = matcher.group(2);

                intent.setClass(context, GitViewActivity_.class);
                intent.putExtra("mProjectPath", projectPath);
                intent.putExtra("mVersion", version);
                intent.putExtra("mGitFileInfoObject", new GitFileInfoObject(path));
                context.startActivity(intent);
                return true;
            }
        }

        // 用戶名
        final String atSomeOne = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(atSomeOne);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            String global = matcher.group(1);
            intent.setClass(context, UserDetailActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("globalKey", global);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 項目討論列表
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/TestIt2/topic/mine
        final String topicList = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w.-]+)/topic/(mine|all)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(topicList);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, ProjectActivity_.class);
            ProjectActivity.ProjectJumpParam param = new ProjectActivity.ProjectJumpParam(
                    matcher.group(1), matcher.group(2)
            );
            intent.putExtra("mJumpParam", param);
            intent.putExtra("mJumpType", ProjectActivity.ProjectJumpParam.JumpType.typeTopic);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 單個項目討論
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/AndroidCoding/topic/9638?page=1
        final String topic = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w.-]+)/topic/([\\w.-]+)(?:\\?[\\w=&-]*)?$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(topic);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, TopicListDetailActivity_.class);
            TopicListDetailActivity.TopicDetailParam param =
                    new TopicListDetailActivity.TopicDetailParam(matcher.group(1),
                            matcher.group(2), matcher.group(3));
            intent.putExtra("mJumpParam", param);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 項目
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/AndroidCoding
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/FireEye/git
        //
        final String project = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w.-]+)(/git)?$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(project);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, ProjectHomeActivity_.class);
            ProjectActivity.ProjectJumpParam param = new ProjectActivity.ProjectJumpParam(
                    matcher.group(1), matcher.group(2)
            );
            intent.putExtra("mJumpParam", param);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 冒泡
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/pp/9275
        final String maopao = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/pp/([\\w.-]+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(maopao);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, MaopaoDetailActivity_.class);
            MaopaoDetailActivity.ClickParam param = new MaopaoDetailActivity.ClickParam(
                    matcher.group(1), matcher.group(2));
            intent.putExtra("mClickParam", param);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 項目內冒泡
        // https://coding.net/t/superrocket/p/TestPrivate?pp=2417
        final String projectMaopao = String.format("^%s%s\\?pp=([\\d]+)", Host, ProjectPath);
        pattern = Pattern.compile(projectMaopao);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, MaopaoDetailActivity_.class);
            MaopaoDetailActivity.ClickParam param = new MaopaoDetailActivity.ClickParam(
                    matcher.group(1), matcher.group(2), matcher.group(3));
            intent.putExtra("mClickParam", param);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

            // 冒泡話題
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/pp/9275
        final String maopaoTopic = "^(?:(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/(?:[\\w.-]+))?/pp/topic/([\\w.-]+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(maopaoTopic);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, SubjectDetailActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("topicId", Integer.valueOf(matcher.group(1)));
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 還是冒泡話題 https://coding.net/pp/topic/551
        final String maopao2 = "^https://[\\w.]*/pp/topic/([\\w.-]+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(maopao2);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, SubjectDetailActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("topicId", Integer.valueOf(matcher.group(1)));
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 任務詳情
        // https://coding.net/u/wzw/p/coding/task/9220
        final String task = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w\\.-]+)/task/(\\w+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(task);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            Log.d("", "gg " + matcher.group(1) + " " + matcher.group(2) + " " + matcher.group(3));
            intent.setClass(context, TaskAddActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("mJumpParams", new TaskJumpParams(matcher.group(1),
                    matcher.group(2), matcher.group(3)));
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

//      我的已過期任務  "/user/tasks"
        final String myExpireTask = String.format("(%s)?%s", Global.DEFAULT_HOST, "/user/tasks");
//        final String myExpireTask = "/user/tasks";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(myExpireTask);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, AllTasksActivity_.class);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 私信推送
        // https://coding.net/user/messages/history/1984
        final String message = PATTERN_URL_MESSAGE;
        pattern = Pattern.compile(message);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            Log.d("", "gg " + matcher.group(1));
            intent.setClass(context, MessageListActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("mGlobalKey", matcher.group(1));
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 跳轉到文件夾，與服務器相同
        pattern = Pattern.compile(FileUrlActivity.PATTERN_DIR);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            FileUrlActivity_.intent(context)
                    .url(uriString)
                    .start();
            return true;
        }

        // 文件夾，這個url後面的字段是添加上去的
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/TestIt2/attachment/65138/projectid/5741/name/aa.jpg
        final String dir = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w.-]+)/attachment/([\\w.-]+)/projectid/([\\d]+)/name/(.*+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(dir);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            AttachmentFolderObject folder = new AttachmentFolderObject();
            folder.file_id = matcher.group(3);
            folder.name = matcher.group(5);
            AttachmentsActivity_.intent(context)
                    .mAttachmentFolderObject(folder)
                    .mProjectObjectId(Integer.valueOf(matcher.group(4)))
                    .start();
            return true;
        }

        pattern = Pattern.compile(FileUrlActivity.PATTERN_DIR_FILE);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            FileUrlActivity_.intent(context)
                    .url(uriString)
                    .start();
            return true;
        }

        // 文件，這個url後面的字段是添加上去的
        // https://coding.net/u/8206503/p/TestIt2/attachment/65138/preview/66171/projectid/5741/name/aa.jpg
        final String dirFile = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w.-]+)/attachment/([\\w.-]+)/preview/([\\d]+)/projectid/([\\d]+)/name/(.*+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(dirFile);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            AttachmentFolderObject folder = new AttachmentFolderObject();
            folder.name = matcher.group(3);

            AttachmentFileObject folderFile = new AttachmentFileObject();
            folderFile.file_id = matcher.group(4);
            folderFile.setName(matcher.group(6));

            int projectId = Integer.valueOf(matcher.group(5));

            String extension = folderFile.getName().toLowerCase();
            final String imageType = ".*\\.(gif|png|jpeg|jpg)$";
            final String htmlMdType = ".*\\.(html|htm|markd|markdown|md|mdown)$";
            final String txtType = ".*\\.(sh|txt)$";
            if (extension.matches(imageType)) {
                AttachmentsPicDetailActivity_.intent(context)
                        .mProjectObjectId(projectId)
                        .mAttachmentFolderObject(folder)
                        .mAttachmentFileObject(folderFile)
                        .start();

            } else if (extension.matches(htmlMdType)) {
                AttachmentsHtmlDetailActivity_.intent(context)
                        .mProjectObjectId(projectId)
                        .mAttachmentFolderObject(folder)
                        .mAttachmentFileObject(folderFile)
                        .start();

            } else if (extension.matches(txtType)) {
                AttachmentsTextDetailActivity_.intent(context)
                        .mProjectObjectId(projectId)
                        .mAttachmentFolderObject(folder)
                        .mAttachmentFileObject(folderFile)
                        .start();
            } else {
                AttachmentsDownloadDetailActivity_.intent(context)
                        .mProjectObjectId(projectId)
                        .mAttachmentFolderObject(folder)
                        .mAttachmentFileObject(folderFile)
                        .start();
            }

            return true;
        }

        // 圖片鏈接
        final String imageSting = "(http|https):.*?.[.]{1}(gif|jpg|png|bmp)";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(imageSting);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, ImagePagerActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("mSingleUri", uriString);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 跳轉圖片鏈接
        // https://coding.net/api/project/78813/files/137849/imagePreview
        final String imageJumpString = Global.HOST_API + "/project/\\d+/files/\\d+/imagePreview";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(imageJumpString);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, ImagePagerActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("mSingleUri", uriString);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 跳轉到merge或pull
        final String mergeString = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w\\.-]+)/git/(merge)?(pull)?/(\\d+)";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(mergeString);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, MergeDetailActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("mMergeUrl", uriString);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 跳轉到commit
        final String commitString = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w\\.-]+)/git/commit/.+$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(commitString);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, CommitFileListActivity_.class);
            intent.putExtra("mCommitUrl", uriString);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        // 跳轉到branch
        final String branchString = "^(?:https://[\\w.]*)?/u/([\\w.-]+)/p/([\\w\\.-]+)/git/tree/(.+)$";
        pattern = Pattern.compile(branchString);
        matcher = pattern.matcher(uriString);
        if (matcher.find()) {
            intent.setClass(context, BranchMainActivity_.class);
            String userString = matcher.group(1);
            String projectString = matcher.group(2);
            String version = matcher.group(3);
            String projectPath = String.format("/user/%s/project/%s", userString, projectString);

            intent.putExtra("mProjectPath", projectPath);
            intent.putExtra("mVersion", version);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        String s = PushUrl.URL_2FA;
        if (uriString.equals(s)) {
            intent.setClass(context, AuthListActivity.class);
            intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
            context.startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }

        try {
            if (defaultIntent) {
                intent = new Intent(context, WebActivity_.class);

                if (newTask) {
                    intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                }
                if (uri.startsWith("/u/")) {
                    uri = Global.HOST + uri;
                }

                if (share) {
                    intent.putExtra("share", true);
                }

                intent.putExtra("url", uri);
                context.startActivity(intent);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Toast.makeText(context, "" + uri, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            Global.errorLog(e);
        }

        return false;
    }


coding的實現其實是和服務器商量了一種協議，看起來非常繁瑣。感覺作用和scheme類似。

						
		
	
				

				
   

				

				

				
				
    
					
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